Section I Use of English
    
    Directions:
    
    Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
    
    By 1830, the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million __1__ of these nations looked __2__ to the future. Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism, many of the leaders of independence __3__ the ideas of representative government, careers __4__ to talent, freedom of commerce and trade in the __5__ to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. __6__ there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a __7__ set of laws.
    
    On the issue of __8__ of religion and the position of the church, __9__, there was less agreement __10__ the leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one __11__ by the Spanish crown, __12__ most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism __13__ the official religion of the new states, some sough to end the __14__ of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying __15__ for the conservative forces.
    
    The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had __16__ in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spain’s __17__ colonies. Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much __18__ because the new nations still needed the revenue. Such policies __19__ Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was __20__ self-rule and democracy.
    
    1. [A] natives   [B] inhabitants  [C] people  [D] individuals
    
    2. [A] confusedly  [B] cheerfully  [C] worriedly  [D] hopefully
    
    3. [A] shared   [B] forgot  [C] attained  [D] rejected
    
    4. [A] related   [B] close   [C] open   [D]devoted
    
    5. [A] access   [B] succession  [C] right   [D] return
    
    6. [A] Presumably  [B] Incidentally [C] Obviously  [D] Generally
    
    7. [A] unique   [B] common  [C] particular  [D] typical
    
    8. [A] freedom   [B] origin   [C] impact  [D] reform
    
    9. [A] therefore   [B] however  [C] indeed  [D] moreover
    
    10. [A] with    [B] about   [C] among  [D] by
    
    11. [A] allowed   [B] preached  [C] granted  [D] funded
    
    12. [A] Since    [B] If   [C] Unless  [D] While
    
    13. [A] as    [B] for   [C] under   [D] against
    
    14. [A] spread   [B] interference [C] exclusion  [D] influence
    
    15. [A] support   [B] cry   [C] plea   [D] wish
    
    16. [A] urged    [B] intended  [C] expected  [D] promised
    
    17. [A] controlling  [B] former  [C] remaining  [D] original
    
    18. [A] slower   [B] faster   [C] easier   [D] tougher
    
    19. [A] created   [B] produced  [C] contributed [D] preferred
    
    20. [A] puzzled by     [B] hostile to  
    
    [C] pessimistic about   [D] unprepared for
    
    
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